The objectives of this research are to: (1) understand ecologically-driven peat oxidation process along gradient of the water table and nutrient availability in different peat condition across region; (2) understand the long term impact of controlled re-wetting on CO2 fluxes in term of physico-chemical and biochemical drivers; and (3) understand the fluvial losses of DOC (dissolved organic carbon) and DON (dissolved organic nitrogen) from the drains of degrade peat swamps.